He kōhatu tūturu te māpere, nō reira he rerekē te tae me te tauira o ia māpere. Me whakakanapa ā-ringa, me te whakakanapa hoki. He ataahua ake te māpere kua whakakanapahia. Me pēhea te whakatinana i te whakakanapa me te whakakanapa i te māpere? He aha te tukanga mahi motuhake? He aha ngā raruraru me aro atu tātou? Ki taku whakaaro he maha ngā tāngata he pātai mō tēnei mea. Me whai tātou i a z-lion ki te ako mō te mātauranga o te whakakanapa me te whakakanapa i te māpere.
Me pēhea te whakamahi i te whakakanapa me te whakawātea i te māpere
Ngā taahiraa whakakanapa me te whakawātea māpere
taahiraa 1
Horoia te mata tuatahi, horoia ngā paru me ngā para i runga i te mata o te pereti māpere, kātahi ka horoia ngā matū i runga i te whenua ki te hopi horoi koretake. Kaua e waiho te hopi horoi ki roto i ngā awaawa, whakamahia he kakahu hei mimiti i te wai nui.
Hipanga 2
Nā te mea he maha tonu ngā paru wai kei runga i te papa māpere i muri i te whakamaroketanga me te horoinga, kāore e taea te pani tonu ki te ware pi. Hei tere ake te whakamaroketanga, murua te papa ki te tauera ma. Taria kia maroke rawa te papa i mua i te haere ki te taahiraa e whai ake nei.
Te whakakanapa me te whakawāki māpere
Hipanga 3
Mō te whakakoi ōrite, me rūrū te whakakoi papa kia maha ngā wā, ā, me whakaoho kia ōrite, kātahi ka tōia ki roto i te wai whakakoi me te kakahu maroke ma, ka pania ki te whenua. Me mōhio kei te kore e rumakina te tauera ki te wai, ā, kaua hoki e ringihia tika te whakakoi papa ki runga i te māpere, nā te mea he ngāwari ki te puta he tohu porowhita me he paru. Ko te kaupapa o te whakakoi kia ōrite.
Hipanga 4
I muri i te paninga o te ware pi ki te mata o te ware pi, tatari kia maroke rawa te mata o te ware pi, kātahi ka whakamahia he mīhini paninga tere-rahi hei pani i te mata o te ware pi.
Ngā whakatūpato mō te whakakanapa me te whakawātea i te māpere
1. Me angiangi, kia ōrite hoki te ware pi mō te hanganga ware pi, ā, ki te pai ake, ki te ōrite hoki, koia te pai.
2. Me whiriwhiri te ware pi i waenga i te 5 nekehanga me te 40 nekehanga, kia pai ai te whakamahinga i muri i te werohanga.
3. Kia aro nui ki te āhua o te rangi. He pai ake te whiriwhiri i te rangi paki mō te whakawā. Nā te nui o te haumākū i ngā rā ua, ka puta he mākūkū mā te whakawā.
4. Mena kei raro iho i te 5 nekehanga te pāmahana o roto i te wā e pania ana te ware pi, ka mārō pea te ware pi o te papa kua oti.
5. Kia maumahara, i mua i te whakawā, kaua e whakamahia he tauera kei roto ngā matū hei horoi i te papa, nā te mea ka kore e piri pai te ware pi o te papa.
Te rerekētanga i waenga i te whakakanapa me te whakawātea i ngā poraka huri māpere
Rerekētanga nui
1. Māpereporaka kirikiri taimanaKo te whakakanapa he tīmatanga ki te maimoatanga mata tioata kōhatu, he tukanga hangarau rānei e tika ana mō te tukatuka kōhatu. Ko te kaupapa matua ko te whakamahi i ngā poraka huri pēhi i hangaia e ngā waikawa kore-waro, ngā waikura whakarewa me ētahi atu matū hei mahi tahi me te pēhanga o te kōpae huri mīhini, te kaha huri tere-teitei, te kaha wera waku, me te mahi a te wai hei whakahaere i ngā tauhohenga matū ā-tinana me te matū ki runga i te mata māpere maeneene. Nā reira ka hangaia he paparanga tioata kanapa hou. He kanapa, he mārama hoki te kanapa o tēnei paparanga tioata, ka taea e te kanapa te eke ki te 90-100 nekehanga. Ko tēnei paparanga tioata he paparanga tioata matū kua whakarerekētia o te paparanga mata kōhatu (1-2mm te matotoru).
2. Ko te horoi māpere he tīmatanga ki te whakakoi me te whakakanapa i te māpere. Ko te horoi, te whakakanapa me te whakakanapa i te māpere he mahi tiaki me te horoi māpere rongonui i ngā tau tōmua o te tekau tau atu i 1980 me te tīmatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1990. Ināianei kua ngaro tōna mākete me tōna hiranga. Ko tōna mauri he paninga angiangi o te polymer o te kapia kiriaku me te emulsion kua hipokina ki te mata kōhatu hou (papa whakakanapa), koinei te mea e kiia ana e tātou he ware wai, he ware papa rānei. Kātahi ka mahi tahi te mīhini whakakanapa tere-teitei, iti-pēhanga mengā papa whakakanapa taimana ngāwarihei miri ki te mata kōhatu kia kanapa ake te paninga kapia. Nā te whakahoutanga o te hua, i puta mai i muri mai te ware pi māmā motuhake, te ware pi kore-maka, me ētahi atu. He rite tēnei paninga ki te wanihi o te hinu i runga i te papa rakau.
3. Ko te tukanga whakakanapa poraka huri i mua i te tiaki i te mata karaihe māpere he tukanga taunekeneke ā-tinana me te matū i waenga i te mata kōhatu me ngā matū. Ka honoa katoatia te paparanga mata me te paparanga raro o te kōhatu hei mea kotahi, ā, kāore he paparanga wehewehe.
4. Ka piri te paparanga ware pi i runga ake i te ware pi me te oro māpere ki te mata o te kōhatu, ā, kāore he tauhohenga matū o te paparanga kiriata kapia ki te kōhatu tonu. Ka taea te hāpara mārire i tēnei paparanga kiriata ware pi ki te mata, ā, ka taea te tapahi i te kiriata ware pi mai i te mata o te kōhatu.
Te rerekētanga o te māngai
1. Ko te huri me te whakakanapa i te poraka huri māpere te tīmatanga o te tiaki i te mata karaihe o te kōhatu. Whai muri i te tiaki me te whakakanapa i te kōhatu, he teitei te kanapa, he teitei te whakamāramatanga, he ātete ki te kakahu, he ātete ki te takahanga, ā, kāore e ngāwari ki te waru. Koinei te whakatinanatanga pono me te whakawhānui uara o te whakamahinga o te kōhatu.
2. He iti te kanapa o te kōhatu i muri i te whakahinuhinu me te whakakoi, kāore i te mārama te kanapa, ā, he tino pōuriuri, kāore e ātete ki te kakahu, kāore e ātete ki te wai, he ngāwari ki te waru, ki te waikura me te huri kōwhai, ka whakaiti i te ahua nui o te kōhatu.
Ngā pūkenga tiaki māpere
1. Mō te whakamahinga o ia rā, kaua e patu, e mirimiri rānei i te whenua ki ngā mea mārō pēnei i ngā mea koi whakarewa, ngā mea uku karāhe, ngā whao rino, me ētahi atu, ā, kaua hoki e tōia ngā mea taumaha ki runga i te whenua kia kore ai e rakuraku te kiriuhi, kia kore ai hoki e pāngia te āhua.
2. I te wā e horoi ana, e mopi ana i te papa, ngana ki te whakamahi i te mopa maroke hei utu mō te mopa mākū.
3. Mena he karawarawa kei te mata o te pereki, ka taea e koe te pania ki te paraihe niho ngā karawarawa ka murua ki te kakahu maroke hei whakatika. Me whakakapi ngā kino nui o te rohe, me te whakatika anō i roto i te wā tika.
4. Whakamahia he kirimi horoi paru hei tango i te paru i ngā hononga i waenga i ngā pereki me ngā pereki i ētahi wā, kātahi ka parai i tētahi paparanga o te rongoā ārai wai ki ngā āputa hei ārai i te tipu o te harore.
5. Ngā kai horoi me ngā kai horoi
Mō te horoi i ngā taera o ia rā, ka taea te whakamahi i te hopi horoi me te hopi hei horoi. Tāpirihia he wai haukini me te hinu paina hei horoi i ngā taera kia kanapa ake ai ngā taera. I roto i te ao, mēnā he tī, he mea rānei e hiahiatia ana i ia rā, me horoi wawe, ā, mēnā e tika ana, me whakamahi i ngā hua horoi e rite ana hei horoi.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-21-2022