Mu isi y’inganda, diyama si ikimenyetso cy’ubutunzi n’ubwiza gusa, ahubwo ni n’igice cy’ingenzi mu gukora ibikoresho byo gukata no gusya. Ubu, bitewe n’uburyo bwo gusya diyama, biroroshye kandi bikora neza gushyira iki kintu cy’agaciro ku gikoresho. Diyama zizwiho gukomera kwazo gukomeye no kudakora uduce duto, bigatuma ziba isoko y’agaciro mu gukora ibikoresho.
Ubusanzwe, abakora ibikoresho bagombaga gushyira diyama mu bikoresho n'intoki, igikorwa cyari kiruhije kandi gihenze. Ariko, nyuma yo kuboneka kw'uburyo bwo gushushanya diyama, abakora ibikoresho bashoboye gukoraibikoresho bya diyama byakozwe n'amashanyarazivuba kandi byoroshye.
Gushyira icyuma mu cyuma gikoresheje amashanyarazi ni inzira ihuza ibyuma bito n’ubuso buyobora amashanyarazi. Mu gihe cyo gukora ibikoresho bya diyama, icyuma gishyirwa ku gice cy’icyuma, hanyuma uduce twa diyama tugashyirwa ku buso bw’icyuma. Ubu buryo ntibutuma habaho gusa isano hagati y’uduce twa diyama n’igikoresho, ahubwo bunatuma diyama zikwirakwira neza kandi zikwirakwira mu buryo bumwe mu gikoresho cyose.
Ihame ry’ishyirwa ry’ibumba rya diyama ni uko iyo umuti wa electroplating ukoreshejwe n’ibumba, uduce twa diyama dushyirwa ku gikoresho cyabanje gushyirwaho. Hanyuma, ingufu z’amashanyarazi zituma nikeli ishwanyuka, ikarekura atome za nikeli zari zishyizwe ku buso hamwe n’uduce twa diyama. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, diyama ziri ku buso zigenda zipfunyikwa buhoro buhoro, zigakora ibara rya diyama.
Dukurikije ishami ry’ibikorwa, gutegura ibikoresho bya diyama bikozwe mu buryo bw’amashanyarazi bigomba kunyura mu gutunganya mbere, gusigwa mbere, gusigwa hejuru, gupakurura umucanga, gukurura no gutunganya nyuma.
Gutunganya mbere y'uko bitegurwa
Gutunganya mbere ni intambwe y'ingenzi mu gikorwa cyo gushushanya amashanyarazi kugira ngo haboneke umusaruro mwiza n'ubwiza bw'umusaruro. Mu rwego rwo gushushanya ibyuma, intambwe ebyiri z'ingenzi zo gutunganya mbere ni ugutunganya mbere y'ubutaka n'uduce twa diyama. Gutunganya mbere y'ubutaka bikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi kugira ngo hamenyekane ko imiterere y'ubutaka isukuye kandi nta kintu na kimwe kidakenewe kirimo. Iyi nzira irimo gusya, gukaraba, gusya, gukora, gusukura no kumisha. Izi ntambwe zikorana kugira ngo zikureho ogiside, umunaniro, cyangwa ibizinga by'amavuta ku buso bwa diyama. Ibi bituma urwego rwa nikeli rukwirakwira neza kandi binoza gufatana. Gutunganya mbere y'uduce twa diyama ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo haboneke umusaruro mwiza wo gushushanya mbere y'ubutaka. Kugira ngo hagerwe ku gutunganya mbere neza uduce twa diyama, hakoreshwa uburyo bwo gutandukanya ibyuma n'ubuvanganzo buvanze na aside. Ibi bikuraho imyanda y'icyuma n'iy'icyuma ishobora kwivanga no kugabanya ubushobozi bwa rukuruzi bw'uduce twa diyama. Muri icyo gihe, amavuta ashobora kuba yarundanye ku buso bw'uduce twa diyama arakurwaho, bigatuma ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gutoha burushaho kuba bwiza.
Byashyizwemo ipamba mbere
Gushyiramo icyuma mbere yo gutwikira ni ugushyiramo urwego rworoshye rwa nikeli ku buso bw'icyuma kugira ngo rukore nk'urwego rw'impinduka kandi rufatanye neza n'icyuma.
Umucanga wo hejuru
Uburyo bwo gusimbuza uduce twa diyama ku buso bw'ubutaka hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa mekanike cyangwa ubw'umubiri bwitwa gusimbuza. Uburyo bwo gusimbuza bugabanyijemo uburyo bwo gusimbuza umucanga ugwa n'uburyo bwo gusimbuza umucanga uhishwe.
Uburyo bwa mbere bwemerera gusya ku ruhande rumwe rw'ubutaka icyarimwe. Ubu buryo burakwiriye cyane ku bicuruzwa bifite diyama ku ruhande rumwe. Busaba umucanga muto gusa, bukora regolith nto, kandi uruhande rwo hejuru rw'umucanga rurakora neza, bigatuma rukora neza cyane. Ariko, ubu buryo ntibukwiriye ku bicuruzwa bifite imiterere y'uruziga cyangwa idahuje n'imiterere.
Ku rundi ruhande, uburyo bwo gusiga umucanga uhishwe bushobora gusiga ahantu henshi mu byerekezo bitandukanye icyarimwe. Ubu buryo bukwiriye cyane ku bicuruzwa bifite imiterere ya cylindrical cyangwa idahuye kandi busaba umucanga mwinshi. Butuma kandi habaho regolith nini kandi bugira ubushobozi buke bwo gusiga umucanga.
Kuramo umucanga
Nyuma y'uko igikorwa cyo gupakira umucanga kirangiye, umucanga ushobora gupakururwa. Hindura substrate hanyuma unyeganyeze gato kugira ngo ukureho uduce twa diyama tudafashe neza ku iherezo kandi tudafatanye n'igitambaro cya nikeli.
Kuzibya
Uburyo bwo gukurura bukoresha formula imwe yo gukurura nk'uko bikorwa mbere yo gukurura kugira ngo burusheho gukurura urwego rwa nikeli. Mu gihe cyose cyo gukurura, gukurura no gukurura, hagomba kwitabwaho ibipimo by'imikorere nk'umuyoboro w'amazi, ubushyuhe n'agaciro ka pH.
Nyuma yo gutunganya
Shyira igikoresho cya diyama gikozwe mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki mu gikoresho cya asetone hanyuma woge n'amazi yaciwe. Kikuremo, ukimuke, hanyuma ukoreshe ubushyuhe buri ku rugero kugira ngo wongere imbaraga zo guhuza hagati y'urwego rwa nickel plating na substrate, kandi icyarimwe wongere ubukana bw'urwego rwa nickel plating.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-14-2023