Sonke siyazi ukuthi i-lead yepensela ithambile kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyiphula. Kukhona into enjalo eyenziwe nge-carbon njenge-lead yepensela, kodwa iyinto enzima kunazo zonke emhlabeni, okuyidayimane.
Ngenxa yobunzima nokuntuleka kwamadayimane, abantu bebewabheka njengamatshe ayigugu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, futhi idayimane ngemva kokusikwa nokupholishwa libizwa ngokuthi idayimane, okungenye yamatshe ayigugu kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ubulukhuni bedayimane buphezulu kakhulu. Ingadonsa imikhondo cishe kuzo zonke izinto. Idayimane ibukhali futhi akulula ukuyifudumeza. Ngakho-ke isetshenziswa nasekukhiqizweni kwenqubo, njengokushumeka idayimane ezindaweni ezahlukene zamathuluzi ukwenza amathuluzi okugaya nokusika. Le nqubo yokukhiqiza idayimane efakwe ngogesi.
Idayimane elenziwe ngogesi
Idayimani yokufakelwa ngogesi isekelwe esimisweni sokufakelwa ngogesi. Isihlabathi sedayimani sifakwe ku-workpiece nge-nickel. Ingxenye eyodwa yedayimani izofakwa ku-substrate, kanti enye ingxenye izovezwa ebusweni ukuze yakhe ungqimba olusebenzayo oluqinile nolungagugi.
Inhloso yedayimane efakwe ngogesi ukwandisa ikhono lokusika nokugaya ngokufaka izinhlayiya zedayimane eziqinile ebusweni bensimbi. Amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okugaya akhiqizwa ubuchwepheshe bedayimane efakwe ngogesi asetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini, engilazini, ezintweni zokwakha nakwezinye izimboni.
Ukwakheka kwedayimane kudinga ukwakheka endaweni ekhethekile, ngakho-ke ukukhiqizwa kwedayimane kugxile kakhulu futhi umkhiqizo mncane kakhulu. Idayimane yemvelo ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo, ngakho-ke idayimane elifakwe ngogesi lenziwe ngezinhlayiya zedayimane zokwenziwa.
Umlando wentuthuko yokugaya
Abantu banomlando omude wokusebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okugaya ukucubungula izinto. Ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu basendulo babesebenzisa amatshe abukhali, amathambo ezilwane, izinduku kanye namanye amathuluzi ukuzingela nokusika ukudla, okuyithuluzi lokugaya lokuqala futhi.
Kubhalwe ukuthi ngesikhathi soBukhosi bukaYuan, kwakukhona ithuluzi eShayina elalisebenzisa irabha yemvelo ukunamathisela ufulawa wegobolondo esikhumbeni semvu ukuze lipholishwe. Leli ithuluzi lokuqala eliqoshiwe lokuhudula elihlanganisiwe.
Kusukela ekutholakaleni kwezinsimbi ezahlukahlukene njengethusi, abantu sebeqalile ukusebenzisa izici zabo eziqinile nezipulasitiki ukuze basebenzise lezi zinsimbi zibe amathuluzi ahlukahlukene futhi bazisebenzise kabanzi ezinqubweni ezahlukene zokugaya. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, abantu bangene enkathini entsha yokusebenzisa ukugaya insimbi.
Ezikhathini zanamuhla, ngentuthuko esheshayo yokukhiqiza kwezimboni, ubulukhuni bezinto ezicutshungulwayo buya bukhula, futhi amathuluzi okugaya insimbi ajwayelekile awasakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zawo, ngakho abantu baqala ukufuna izinto ezinobulukhuni obukhulu njengezisusa.
Ngakho-ke kunezinto zokugaya ezifana ne-corundum yemvelo, i-silicon carbide yokwenziwa kanye nedayimane yokwenziwa enobunzima obuphezulu ezisetshenziswa kabanzi manje. Ngemva kokugaya lezi zinto zibe yizinhlayiya ezincane, ziyashiswa noma zifakwe kwezinye izingxenye zensimbi ukuze zakhe isimo esithile samathuluzi okugaya, ukuze kwenziwe ukucubungula ukugaya.
Izici zedayimane eboshwe ngogesi
Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngedayimane eboshwe ngogesi yakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili: umsebenzi kanye nopende lwedayimane. Ngakho-ke, le nqubo yokufaka idayimane eboshwe ngogesi ingakhiqiza amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okugaya anesakhiwo esingajwayelekile, usayizi omncane nowobuncane kanye nokunemba okuphezulu.
Idayimani efakwe ngogesi ivame ukusebenzisa i-nickel njengesibopho phakathi kwezinhlayiya zedayimani kanye ne-substrate. Izofaka ngokuqinile i-1/2 noma i-2/3 yedayimani ku-workpiece, futhi uqweqwe luzoba nzima kakhulu. Lokhu kuzokwenza idayimani efakwe ngogesi imelane nokuguguleka kakhulu, futhi idayimani ngeke iwe kalula.
Ngenxa yokuthi ubulukhuni bedayimane buphakeme kakhulu futhi ubukhali bezinhlayiya zedayimane bungagcinwa isikhathi eside, ukusebenza kahle kwamathuluzi ahlukahlukene okugaya enziwe ngedayimane efakwe ngogesi nakho kuzoba phezulu kakhulu futhi kungagugi kakhulu.
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza idayimane efakwe ngogesi, inqubo yokufaka izinga lokushisa eliphansi ngemva kokufakwa kukagesi iyasetshenziswa, ngakho ngeke ikhiqize izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu kudayimane, futhi ngeke ibe nomthelela kudayimane uqobo, okuqinisekisa nokuthi ikhwalithi yedayimane ngeke yehliswe, futhi ikhuthaza kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokugaya.
Ukugeleza kwenqubo yedayimane ye-electroplating
Izinto zokusetshenziswa zedayimane
Khetha inombolo ehambisanayo ye-mesh yedayimane ngokuya ngokunemba okudingekayo kwethuluzi ledayimane elifakwe ngogesi, bese idayimane elenziwe lizobonisa i-polyhedron ene-engeli yedayimane ngaphansi kwe-microscope, bese libonisa umbala ophuzi-oluhlaza okotshani.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yedayimane efakwe ngogesi, kuzosetshenziswa umshini wokuhlukanisa ugesi ochwepheshile ukukhipha ukungcola okuhlukahlukene ezinhlayiyeni zedayimane ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa bedayimane.
Ukususa amafutha
Sebenzisa i-alkali yezimboni ukususa uwoyela, faka i-caustic soda emanzini bese uyibilisa imizuzu engama-30, bese uyigeza ngamanzi acwengekile izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ukuze ususe ibala lamafutha ebusweni bedayimane.
I-workpiece yedayimane efakwe ngogesi nayo idinga ukusulwa amafutha. Ngokuvamile, i-workpiece ifakwa kumshini wokuhlanza we-ultrasonic one-caustic soda, bese amanzi efudunyezwa ukuze ancibilikise i-caustic soda, bese kwenziwa ukuhlanzwa kwe-ultrasonic imizuzu engama-30.
Ukubeka kusengaphambili
Ukuze idayimane kanye ne-substrate kuhlanganiswe ngokuqinile, kubalulekile ukugoqa ingubo eboshwe ngogesi ebusweni bento yokusebenza ngaphambi kokufaka idayimane ngogesi.
I-electrolyte ishiswa kufikela ku-50 ℃, bese ingxenye yokusebenza ifakwa ebhavini lokufaka ipulasitiki elinamandla. Ngemva kokusabela kwe-nickel yensimbi kanye nesixazululo sokufaka ipulasitiki, i-nickel ion izohlala phezu kwendawo yokusebenza, yakhe ungqimba oluncane lokufaka ipulasitiki.
i-electroplate
Ukuze ufake izinhlamvu zedayimane engqimbeni eboshwe ngogesi yento yokusebenza, kuvame ukuba nezindlela ezimbili: indlela yokufaka isihlabathi kanye nendlela yokufaka isihlabathi. Indlela yokufaka isihlabathi ingaqeda isihlabathi endaweni eyodwa ngesikhathi, ngakho-ke ifaneleka kakhulu emikhiqizweni yedayimane eboshwe ngogesi ohlangothini olulodwa; Indlela yokufaka isihlabathi ukufaka imikhiqizo edinga idayimane eboshwe ngogesi esihlabathini sedayimane, ngakho-ke ifaneleka kakhulu emikhiqizweni eyindilinga noma engajwayelekile.
Kodwa-ke, izimiso zazo ziyafana. Ngemva kokuba ikhambi le-electroplating kanye ne-workpiece sezifakwe ugesi, izinhlayiya zedayimane zizobekwa phezu kwe-workpiece esezifakwe ngaphambili. Ngaphansi kwesenzo sensimu kagesi, i-nickel izobola futhi ikhulule ama-athomu e-nickel, azobekwa phezu kwe-workpiece nezinhlayiya zedayimane. Idayimane elingaphezulu lizosongwa kancane kancane ukuze lenze i-diamond coating.
Geza bese womisa
Ngemva kokufaka i-electroplating, geza umkhiqizo ngamanzi ahlanzekile, ngoba kuzosala uketshezi olufaka i-electroplating kanye ne-diamond grit phakathi kwe-diamond grit; Ekugcineni, amanzi ebusweni bomkhiqizo angashiswa umoya oshisayo, bese kuqedwa umkhiqizo wedayimane ofakwe i-electroplating.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-03-2023