Sonke siyazi ukuba intsimbi yepensile ithambile kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuyiqhekeza. Kukho into enjalo eyenziwe ngekhabhoni njengentsimbi yepensile, kodwa yeyona nto inzima emhlabeni, eyidayimani.
Ngenxa yobunzima nokunqongophala kweedayimani, abantu bebezijonga njengeelitye ezixabisekileyo ukususela mandulo, kwaye idayimani emva kokusikwa nokupholishwa ibizwa ngokuba yidayimani, enye yezona litye zixabisekileyo ehlabathini.
Ubunzima bedayimani buphezulu kakhulu. Ingatsala imikhondo phantse kuzo zonke izinto. Idayimani ibukhali kwaye ayilula ukuyifudumeza. Ngoko ke ikwasetyenziswa ekuveliseni inkqubo, njengokufaka idayimani kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo ukwenza ezinye izixhobo zokugaya nokusika. Le nkqubo yokuvelisa yenziwe ngedayimani efakwe ngombane.
Idayimani efakwe ngombane
Idayimani yokufakelwa i-electroplating isekelwe kumgaqo wokufakelwa i-electroplating. Isanti yedayimani ifakwe kwisixhobo sokusebenza nge-nickel. Inxalenye enye yedayimani iya kufakwa kwi-substrate, kwaye enye inxalenye iya kuvezwa phezu komhlaba ukuze yenze umaleko osebenzayo oqinileyo nongagugiyo.
Injongo yedayimani efakwe ngombane kukwandisa amandla okusika nokusila ngokufaka amasuntswana edayimani axineneyo kumphezulu wento yokusebenza yesinyithi. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokusila ezenziwe ngobuchwepheshe bedayimani efakwe ngombane zisetyenziswa kakhulu koomatshini, kwiglasi, kwizixhobo zokwakha nakwamanye amashishini.
Ukwenziwa kwedayimani kufuneka kwenziwe kwindawo ekhethekileyo, ngoko ke imveliso yedayimani ixinene kakhulu kwaye imveliso incinci kakhulu. Idayimani yendalo ayinakuhlangabezana neemfuno, ngoko ke idayimani efakwe ngombane yenziwe ngamasuntswana edayimani adityanisiweyo.
Imbali yophuhliso lokugaya
Abantu banembali ende yokusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokusila ukuze basebenze izinto. Kumaxesha amandulo, abantu bamandulo babesebenzisa amatye abukhali, amathambo ezilwanyana, iintonga nezinye izixhobo ukuzingela nokusika ukutya, nto leyo ekwasisixhobo sokuqala sokusila.
Kubhaliwe ukuba kwiYuan Dynasty, kwakukho isixhobo eTshayina esasisebenzisa irabha yendalo ukuncamathisela umgubo weqokobhe kwisikhumba segusha ukuze sipolishiswe. Esi sesona sixhobo sokuqala esirhabaxa esirekhodiweyo.
Ukususela oko kwafunyanwa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentsimbi ezifana nebronze, abantu baqalise ukusebenzisa iimpawu zabo eziqinileyo neziplastiki ngakumbi ukuze basebenzise ezi metal zibe zizixhobo ezahlukeneyo baze bazisebenzise ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusila. Ukususela ngoko, abantu bangene kwixesha elitsha lokusebenzisa ukusila isinyithi.
Kule mihla, ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemveliso yemizi-mveliso, ubunzima bezinto ezicutshungulwayo buya busanda, kwaye izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokusila isinyithi azisakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zazo, ngoko abantu baqala ukukhangela izinto ezinobunzima obuphezulu njengezinto zokusila.
Ngoko ke kukho izinto zokusila ezifana ne-corundum yendalo, i-silicon carbide yokwenziwa kunye nedayimani yokwenziwa enobunzima obuphezulu ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngoku. Emva kokusila ezi zinto zibe ngamasuntswana amancinci, ziyatshiswa okanye zifakwe kwezinye izinto zesinyithi ukuze zenze uhlobo oluthile lwezixhobo zokusila, ukuze kuqhutywe ukusila.
Iimpawu zedayimani efakwe ngombane
Iimveliso ezenziwe ngedayimani efakwe ngombane zenziwe ngamacandelo amabini: umsebenzi kunye nokwaleka kwedayimani. Ke ngoko, le nkqubo yokufaka idayimani efakwe ngombane inokuvelisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokusila ezinesakhiwo esingalinganiyo, ubungakanani obuncinci nobuncinci kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu.
Idayimani efakwe ngombane idla ngokusebenzisa i-nickel njengekhonkco phakathi kwamasuntswana edayimani kunye ne-substrate. Iya kunamathela ngokuqinileyo i-1/2 okanye i-2/3 yedayimani kwindawo yokusebenza, kwaye ulwelo luya kuba nzima kakhulu. Oku kuya kwenza idayimani efakwe ngombane ingagugi kakhulu, kwaye idayimani ayizukuwa lula.
Ngenxa yokuba ubunzima bedayimani buphezulu kakhulu kwaye ubukhali beesuntswana zedayimani bunokugcinwa ixesha elide, ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokugaya ezenziwe ngedayimani efakwe ngombane kuya kuba phezulu kakhulu kwaye kungagugi.
Kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwedayimani efakwe ngombane, inkqubo yokufakwa kobushushu obuphantsi emva kokufakelwa kombane iyasetyenziswa, ngoko ke ayiyi kuvelisa ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kwidayimani, kwaye ayiyi kuba nefuthe kwidayimani ngokwayo, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wedayimani awuyi kuncitshiswa, kwaye iluncedo ngakumbi ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokusila.
Ukuhamba kwenkqubo yedayimani ye-electroplating
Izinto eziluhlaza zedayimani
Khetha inani elifanelekileyo le-mesh yedayimani ngokwendlela echanekileyo efunekayo yesixhobo sedayimani esifakwe ngombane, kwaye idayimani yokwenziwa iya kubonisa i-polyhedron ene-engile yedayimani phantsi kwe-microscope, kwaye ibonise umbala otyheli-luhlaza.
Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wedayimani efakwe ngombane, kuya kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokwahlulahlula imagnethi esinobuchule ekukhupheni ukungcola okwahlukeneyo kumasuntswana edayimani ukuqinisekisa ubunyulu bedayimani.
Ukususa amafutha
Sebenzisa i-industrial alkali ukususa ioyile, faka i-caustic soda emanzini uze uyibilise imizuzu engama-30, uze uyihlambe ngamanzi acocekileyo amaxesha ama-2-3 ukususa ibala leoyile kumphezulu wedayimani.
Isixhobo sokusebenza sedayimani esifakwe ngombane naso kufuneka sisuswe igrisi. Ngokwesiqhelo, isixhobo sokusebenza sifakwa kwisixhobo sokucoca i-ultrasonic esine-caustic soda, kwaye amanzi ayafudunyezwa ukuze anyibilikise i-caustic soda, emva koko ukucocwa kwe-ultrasonic kwenziwa imizuzu engama-30.
Ukuplata kwangaphambili
Ukuze idayimani kunye ne-substrate zidityaniswe ngokuqinileyo, kuyimfuneko ukusonga i-electroplated coating phezu komphezulu we-workpiece ngaphambi kokuba i-electroplated idayimani.
I-electrolyte ifudunyezwa ukuya kuma-50 ℃, kwaye i-workpiece ifakwa kwi-energized plating bath. Emva kokusabela kwe-metal nickel kunye nesisombululo se-plating, i-nickel ion iya kuhlala phezu kwe-workpiece, yenze umaleko omncinci we-plating.
ipleyiti ye-electroplate
Ukufaka iinkozo zedayimani kumaleko ofakwe ngombane wesixhobo somsebenzi, kudla ngokuba neendlela ezimbini: indlela yokufaka isanti kunye nendlela yokufaka isanti. Indlela yokufaka isanti inokugqiba isanti kumphezulu omnye ngexesha, ngoko ke ifaneleke ngakumbi kwiimveliso zedayimani ezifakwe ngombane kwicala elinye; Indlela yokufaka isanti kukufaka iimveliso ezifuna idayimani efakwe ngombane kwisanti yedayimani, ngoko ke ifaneleke ngakumbi kwiimveliso ezisilinda okanye ezingaqhelekanga.
Nangona kunjalo, imigaqo yazo iyafana. Emva kokuba isisombululo se-electroplating kunye ne-workpiece zifakwe umbane, amasuntswana edayimani aya kufakwa kwi-workpiece esele ibekwe. Phantsi kwesenzo sentsimi yombane, i-nickel iya kubola ize ikhuphe ii-athomu ze-nickel, eziya kufakwa kwi-workpiece kunye namasuntswana edayimani. Idayimani ephezu komhlaba iya kusongwa kancinci kancinci ukuze yenze i-diamond coating.
Hlamba uze womise
Emva kokufaka i-electroplating, hlamba imveliso ngamanzi acocekileyo, kuba kuya kubakho ulwelo lwe-electroplating kunye ne-diamond grit eseleyo phakathi kwe-diamond grit; Ekugqibeleni, amanzi aphezu kwemveliso anokutshiswa ngumoya oshushu, kwaye imveliso yedayimani efakwe i-electroplating iyagqitywa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-03-2023