Momwe mungapukutire chitsulo

Ndikukhulupirira kuti anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti chitsulo ndi chiyani? Chitsulo ndi chinthu cha maginito chomwe chimapangidwa m'chilengedwe. Pali mitundu yambiri ya chinthuchi. Zitsulo zina zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mipando, ndipo zitsulo zina zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zodzikongoletsera. Zitsulo zambiri zimafunika kupukutidwa panthawi yokonza. Pakupukuta zitsulo, zida zaukadaulo zopukutidwa ndi kupukuta zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Kodi mukudziwa momwe zipangizo zopukutira zitsulo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito? Tsopano Z-LION ikupatsani chiyambi chatsatanetsatane.

Ukadaulo wopera ndi kupukuta zitsulo

1. Kupukuta makina

Kupukuta kwa makina ndi njira yopukutira yomwe pamwamba pake pamapezeka podula ndi kusintha kwa pulasitiki pamwamba pa chinthucho kuti achotse gawo lopukutira lopukutidwa. Kawirikawiri,Mizere ya Diamond Emery, mawilo a ubweya, sandpaper,mapepala opukutira diamondi, gudumu losanjikiza la diamondi ndi zina zotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira monga ma turntable, njira zopukutira ndi kupukuta bwino kwambiri zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zofunikira zapamwamba pamwamba. Kupukuta ndi kupukuta kolondola kwambiri ndi chida chapadera chopukutira, chomwe chimakanikizidwa pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito mumadzi opukutira ndi kupukuta okhala ndi abrasive, ndipo chimazungulira mwachangu kwambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo uwu, kuuma kwa pamwamba kwa Ra0.008μm kumatha kuchitika, komwe ndi njira yapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa njira zosiyanasiyana zopukutira. Ma mold a lens optical nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira iyi.

2. Kupukuta mankhwala

Kupukuta mankhwala ndikolola kuti zigawo zooneka ngati microscopic za chinthucho zisungunuke bwino kuposa zigawo zopingasa zomwe zili mu mankhwala, motero zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pake pakhale posalala. Ubwino waukulu wa njira iyi ndikuti siifuna zida zovuta, imatha kupukuta zidutswa zogwirira ntchito zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, ndipo imatha kupukuta zidutswa zambiri nthawi imodzi, ndi luso lapamwamba. Vuto lalikulu la kupukuta mankhwala ndi kukonzekera madzi opukuta. Kukhwima kwa pamwamba komwe kumapezeka popukuta mankhwala nthawi zambiri kumakhala 10 μm.

3. Kupukuta kwa electrolytic

Mfundo yaikulu ya kupukuta kwa electrolytic ndi yofanana ndi ya kupukuta kwa mankhwala, ndiko kuti, mwa kusungunula pang'ono pang'ono pamwamba pa chinthucho kuti pamwamba pake pakhale posalala. Poyerekeza ndi kupukuta kwa mankhwala, mphamvu ya cathode reaction imatha kuchotsedwa, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala bwino. Njira yopukuta ya electrochemical imagawidwa m'magawo awiri: (1) Kulinganiza kwa macroscopic Zinthu zosungunuka zimafalikira mu electrolyte, ndipo kukhwima kwa geometric kwa pamwamba pa chinthucho kumachepa, ndi Ra>1μm. (2) Kulinganiza kotsika kwa kuwala Anodic polarization, kuwala kwa pamwamba, Ra<1μm.

4. Kupukuta kwa akupanga

Chogwirira ntchitocho chimayikidwa mu choyimitsira cha abrasive ndikuyikidwa m'munda wa ultrasonic pamodzi, ndipo choyimitsiracho chimaphwanyidwa ndikupukutidwa pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchitocho ndi kugwedezeka kwa mafunde a ultrasonic. Mphamvu yayikulu ya processing ya ultrasonic ndi yaying'ono, ndipo sichidzayambitsa kusintha kwa chogwirira ntchitocho, koma n'kovuta kupanga ndikuyika zidazo. Kupanga kwa ultrasonic kumatha kuphatikizidwa ndi njira zamakemikolo kapena zamagetsi. Pamaziko a dzimbiri ndi electrolysis ya yankho, kugwedezeka kwa ultrasonic kumayikidwa kuti kusonkhezere yankholo, kotero kuti zinthu zosungunuka pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchitocho zichotsedwe, ndipo dzimbiri kapena electrolyte pafupi ndi pamwamba pake zikhale zofanana; kutsekeka kwa mafunde a ultrasonic mumadzimadzi kumathanso kuletsa njira ya dzimbiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pamwamba pawoneke bwino.

5. Kupukuta madzi

Kupukuta madzimadzi ndi kupukuta pamwamba pa chinthu chogwirira ntchito molingana ndi madzi othamanga kwambiri komanso tinthu tomwe timanyamula kuti tikwaniritse cholinga chopukuta. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izi: kupukuta kwa jet abrasive, kupukuta kwa jet yamadzimadzi, kupukuta kwa hydrodynamic, ndi zina zotero. Kupukuta kwa hydrodynamic kumayendetsedwa ndi kupanikizika kwa hydraulic, kotero kuti chinthu chogwirira madzi chonyamula tinthu tomwe timanyamula timayenda mobwerezabwereza pamwamba pa chinthu chogwirira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri. Chinthu chogwirira ntchito chimapangidwa makamaka ndi zinthu zapadera zomwe zimatha kuyenda bwino pansi pa kupanikizika kochepa ndikusakanikirana ndi zinthu zonyamulira, ndipo zinthu zonyamulira zimatha kukhala ufa wa silicon carbide.

6. Kupera ndi kupukuta maginito

Kupukuta ndi kupukuta kwa maginito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito maginito opukutira kuti apange maburashi opukutira pansi pa mphamvu ya maginito kuti agaye zinthu zogwirira ntchito. Njirayi ili ndi luso lapamwamba lokonza zinthu, khalidwe labwino, kuwongolera mosavuta momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito bwino. Ndi maginito oyenera, kuuma kwa pamwamba kumatha kufika pa Ra0.1μm.

Kupukuta zitsulo zambiri kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pambuyo popukuta. Kupukuta zitsulo kungapangitse pamwamba pa chitsulo kukhala posalala komanso kokongola kwambiri. Zinthu zambiri za mipando ndi zodzikongoletsera zidzakonzedwa ndikupukutidwa zisanagulitsidwe pamsika. Pali zida zambiri ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popukuta ndi kupera zitsulo, ndipo mfundo zogwirira ntchito nazonso ndizosiyana. Tikasankha makina ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, tiyenera kuyambira pa mfundo yake.